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4Optional

PQQ

Also sold as Pyrroloquinoline quinone

Marketed for mitochondrial energy and cognition; human studies are few, small, and short.

TrustedSupp Tier System™ · Tier 4Take by choice, or not at all

Evidence strength

22/100Weak
WEAKLIMITEDMODERATESTRONGVERY STRONG

What the evidence supports: mitochondrial and cognitive markers in a handful of small trials.

This scores how well-supported the claim above is — not how much benefit you personally would get. A high score on a narrow claim does not extend to everything the product is marketed for.

How long to take it

Not established.

Who it's actually for

Limited justification on current evidence.

Safe upper limit

Unverified
No formal upper limit; 10–20 mg daily is typical in studies
Well tolerated at studied doses. Long-term safety data is limited.
No source or citation attached yet.

Interactions to know about

No commonly documented medication clashes in our data. That is not the same as none existing.

Run your full list through the interaction check.

Practical notes

  • Often bundled with CoQ10 as an 'energy stack' — the CoQ10 half has considerably more evidence.
  • Human trials are small and often industry-funded.